Theory Test Driver's License Switzerland 2026: The Complete Guide
Everything you need to know about the theory test for your driver's license in Switzerland: registration, test procedure, topics, costs and tips for 2026.
Wed Jan 21 2026
Overview: What is the Theory Test?
The theory test (also called "basic theory test") is a mandatory exam that you must pass before receiving your learner's permit. It covers traffic rules and signage, road safety, environmentally conscious driving, behavior in accidents, and basic vehicle technology.
After passing the theory test, you receive the learner's permit, which allows you to practice practical driving under the supervision of an experienced person.
Requirements
Minimum Age
| Category | Minimum Age for Theory Test | Minimum Age for Learner's Permit |
|---|---|---|
| Category B (Car) | 17 years | 17 years |
| Category A1 (Motorcycle up to 125 cc) | 15 years | 15 years |
| Category A (Motorcycle) | 18 years | 18 years |
| Category AM (Moped) | 14 years | 14 years |
Required Documents
For registration you need the completed application form (learner's permit application), a current biometric passport photo, proof of identity (passport or ID), an official eye test (not older than 24 months) and the first aid certificate.
The First Aid Certificate
The first aid course is mandatory and must be completed before the theory test. You learn the most important life-saving immediate measures, how to safely secure an accident site and CPR.
Duration: min. 10 hours · Cost: approx. CHF 100–200 · Validity: 6 years
Where can you take it? (recognized providers in Switzerland)
- Samariter Switzerland: Course overview & registration (samariter.ch)
- Swiss Red Cross (SRC): First aid course for driver's license (redcross-edu.ch)
- TCS (depending on section/canton): First aid courses in your region (tcs.ch)
💡 Tip: Make sure the course is recognized as a first aid course for driver's license and that you receive the first aid certificate at the end.
Registration and Procedure
Step-by-Step Guide
1. Complete First Aid Course
Register with a recognized provider and complete the course. You will receive the first aid certificate afterwards.
2. Conduct Eye Test
Go to an optician or ophthalmologist and have an official eye test performed. This costs approx. CHF 10 – 20.
3. Submit Learner's Permit Application
Fill out the application form and submit it together with all documents to the road traffic office of your canton of residence. Depending on the canton, this can be done online or by mail.
4. Invitation to Theory Test
After reviewing your documents, you will receive an invitation to the theory test with date and location.
5. Take Theory Test
Arrive punctually on the test day with your ID. After passing the test, you receive the learner's permit.
Waiting Times
Processing time varies by canton but is typically 1 – 4 weeks. In urban areas like Zurich or Bern, it may take longer.
Test Format
Test Structure
The theory test is conducted on a computer and consists of:
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Number of Questions | 50 questions |
| Test Duration | 45 minutes |
| Maximum Error Points | 15 points |
| Passed | With 15 or fewer error points |
| Languages | German, French, Italian, English |
Question Types
The test combines multiple choice, image and video-based tasks, as well as matching exercises.
Error Points System
Questions are weighted differently (1–3 error points from easy to difficult). Important: An incorrectly answered right-of-way question can cost 3 points.
Test Topics in Detail
1. Traffic Rules (approx. 30% of questions)
Right-of-Way Rules
Master the right-of-way rules in typical situations: right-hand priority, main roads, roundabouts, traffic signals, pedestrians and trams.
Speed Limits
| Zone | Maximum Speed |
|---|---|
| Urban areas | 50 km/h |
| Rural areas | 80 km/h |
| Expressways | 100 km/h |
| Highways | 120 km/h |
| 30 km/h zones | 30 km/h |
| Encounter zones | 20 km/h |
Overtaking
Essential are permissions/prohibitions, left and right overtaking, overtaking vulnerable road users, and maintaining adequate safety distances.
2. Signs and Markings (approx. 25% of questions)
Sign Types
Know the meaning and priority of warning signs, mandatory signs, information signs, as well as additional panels and direction signs.
Road Markings
Important markings: guide lines, barrier and safety lines, pedestrian crossings, cycle lanes/paths and parking markings.
3. Vehicle Technology (approx. 10% of questions)
Basics of lighting, tires/brakes, warning lights, load securing and trailer operation.
4. Road Safety (approx. 20% of questions)
Safety Distances
Maintain at least the half-speedometer rule (at 100 km/h ≈ 50 m), double in poor conditions; in tunnels at least 50 m or 2 seconds.
Visual Technique and Attention
Use mirrors consistently, watch blind spots, practice visual guidance in curves and avoid distractions (e.g. mobile phone).
Alcohol and Drugs
Limits: 0.5‰ (experienced drivers), 0.1‰ (probationary period); zero tolerance for illegal drugs; medications can impair driving ability.
5. Environment and Ecology (approx. 10% of questions)
Drive fuel-efficiently (eco-drive), avoid noise, observe emission regulations and environmental zones.
6. Behavior in Accidents and Breakdowns (approx. 5% of questions)
Secure accident site, provide first aid, call emergency 144 (ambulance) or 117 (police) and document the incident (e.g. European accident report).
Costs
Cost Overview
| Item | Cost (approx.) |
|---|---|
| First aid course | CHF 100 – 200 |
| Eye test | CHF 10 – 20 |
| Learner's permit application (administration fee) | CHF 20 – 80 |
| Theory test | CHF 30 – 50 |
| Total costs (until theory test) | CHF 160 – 350 |
Exact costs vary by canton.
Costs if Failed
If you fail the test, you must pay the test fee again. There is no waiting period – you can retake the test immediately as soon as an appointment is available.
Preparation and Study Tips
Study Materials
Use official question collections from road traffic offices and the asa materials.
For online platforms/apps: Look for updated 2026 questions, regular updates and basis in asa questions.
Study Strategies
1. Study Systematically
Start by understanding the rules, then solve practice questions and work topic by topic.
2. Repeat Error Questions
Mark mistakes, repeat them regularly and always clarify the why.
3. Test Simulation
Simulate under real conditions (45 minutes) and consistently aim for < 10 error points.
4. Practice Visual Questions
Practice image/video questions specifically: often the most challenging; train quick situation recognition.
How Long Should You Study?
Most candidates need 20 – 40 hours of study time – depending on prior knowledge, method, concentration and language. Recommendation: Start 2 – 4 weeks before the test date.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
About Registration
Can I take the theory test in another canton? No, you must take the test in the canton of your residence.
How long is the eye test valid? The eye test is valid for 24 months.
Do I need the first aid certificate for Category A1? Yes, the first aid certificate is required for all vehicle categories (except AM/moped).
About the Test Itself
How many questions do I need to answer correctly? There is no fixed number. You may have a maximum of 15 error points. Since questions are weighted differently (1-3 points), the number of allowed errors varies.
In which languages can I take the test? German, French, Italian and English.
Can I go back during the test and change answers? Yes, you can return to previous questions within the test time and change your answers.
What happens if I fail? You can repeat the test as many times as you want. There is no waiting period, but you must pay the test fee each time.
How quickly do I get the result? You receive the result immediately after completing the test on the screen.
After the Test
How long is the passed theory test valid? The passed theory test is valid for 24 months. During this time you must pass the practical test.
When do I receive the learner's permit? The learner's permit is usually sent to you by mail within a few days.
How long is the learner's permit valid? The learner's permit is valid for 24 months.
Can I drive immediately after passing the theory test? No, you must wait until the learner's permit has arrived.
Special Situations
I already have a foreign driver's license. Do I still have to take the theory test? This depends on the country of origin:
- EU/EFTA states: Usually only conversion without test
- Other states: Usually theory test and possibly practical test required
I have a learning disability. Is there support? Yes, with proven learning disability (e.g. dyslexia) an extended test time or oral test can be requested. Contact your cantonal road traffic office.
Can I abort the test? Yes, but it will then count as failed and you must repeat it.
Official Sources and Links
Federal Authorities
-
Federal Roads Office (FEDRO) www.astra.admin.ch Official information on traffic rules and driver's license
-
Association of Road Traffic Offices (asa) www.asa.ch Responsible for test questions and test standards
Cantonal Road Traffic Offices
Each canton has its own road traffic office. Here are the most important ones:
- Zurich: www.stva.zh.ch
- Bern: www.pom.be.ch/stva
- Basel-Stadt: www.jsd.bs.ch
- Geneva: www.ge.ch/san
- Vaud: www.vd.ch/san
Quick Check: Three Steps to Get Started
Before Registration
Minimum age reached? First aid course and eye test completed, passport photo and ID ready.
Preparation
Current study materials obtained, study plan created, regular questions and simulations; Goal: under 10 error points.
On Test Day
Bring ID, arrive punctually, stay calm; read questions carefully and keep track of time.
Conclusion
The theory test for the Swiss driver's license is quite manageable with the right preparation. Key factors are early planning, systematic learning, regular practice and staying calm on test day.
Good luck with your theory test!
Last updated: January 2026
Note: The information in this guide has been carefully researched but may change. For binding information, please contact the road traffic office of your canton.